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Languages of Lesotho
Lesotho, an enclave in South Africa, is home to several languages, including English, Phuthi, Sotho, Xhosa and Zulu—all, except for English, belong to the Niger–Congo language family.
== National and official languages ==
Sotho (Sesotho or Southern Sotho), a Southern Bantu language, is the national language of Lesotho,〔.〕〔.〕〔The name "Lesotho" translates roughly as "the land of the people who speak Sesotho"; see .〕 and is spoken by most Basotho.〔The people of Lesotho are called Basotho (sing. Mosotho), where "ba-" indicates "the people of"; see and .〕 It was recognized as the national language by the National and Official Languages Bill, ratified by the National Assembly of Lesotho on 12 September 1966, which also established Sotho and English as the country's two official languages.〔〔.〕 The country's language policy promotes bilingualism,〔.〕 and Chapter 1 of the Constitution of Lesotho states:
Sotho is the first language of more than 90 percent of the population〔.〕 and is "used widely as a medium of communication" in day-to-day speech.〔.〕 English is reserved for official interactions,〔 such as "government and administration",〔.〕 although the use of Sotho in politics, religion, and the mass media is growing.〔.〕
Primary education of children takes place in Sotho for the first four years, but English becomes the medium of instruction in the fifth year of primary school.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Basic Facts )〕 Competence in English is "particularly important ... for educational, political, social and economic transactions in the subcontinent"〔.〕 and facilitates obtaining employment within Lesotho and abroad.〔.〕 Although "efforts are made to ensure that Basotho children" learn to read, speak and write English,〔 many Basotho complete only "basic primary education () remain monolingual in Sesotho".〔
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